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Copyright is retained by the first or sole author, who grants right of first publication to the EDUCATION POLICY ANALYSIS ARCHIVES. EPAA is a publication of the Colleges of Education at Arizona State University and the University of South Florida. Articles published in EPAA are indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals.

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Volume 14 Number 14
June 1, 2006
ISSN 1068-2341

Examining Instruction, Achievement, and Equity
with NAEP Mathematics Data

Sarah Theule Lubienski
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Citation: Lubienski, S. T. (2006). Examining instruction, achievement, and equity with NAEP mathematics data. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 14(14). Retrieved [date] from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v14n14/.

Abstract

The purpose of this article is two-fold. First, it reports on a study of the distribution of reform-oriented instructional practices among Black, White and Hispanic students, and the relationship between those practices and student achievement. The study identified many similarities in instruction across student groups, but there were some differences, such as Black and Hispanic students being assessed with multiple-choice tests significantly more often than were White students. Using hierarchical linear modeling, this study identified several significant positive—and no negative—relationships between reform-oriented practices and 4th-grade student achievement. Specifically, teacher emphasis on non-number mathematics strands, collaborative problem solving, and teacher knowledge of the NCTM Standards were positive predictors of achievement. An analysis of interaction effects indicated that the relationships between various instructional practices and achievement were roughly similar for White, Black and Hispanic students.

The second purpose of this article is to make comparisons with another study that used the same NAEP data, but drew very different conclusions about the potential for particular instructional practices to alleviate inequities. A study published in EPAA by Wenglinsky (2004) concluded that school personnel can eliminate race-related gaps within their schools by changing their instructional practices. Similarities and differences between these two studies are discussed to illuminate how a researcher's framing, methods, and interpretations can heavily influence a study's conclusions. Ultimately, this article argues that the primary conclusion of Wenglinsky's study is unwarranted.
Keywords: equity, hierarchical linear modeling; mathematics achievement; mathematics instruction; NAEP.

Examinando instrucción, logros, y equidad usando resultados de matemáticas de NAEP

Resumen

El propósito de este artículo es doble. Primero, reportar los resultados de un estudio sobre la distribución de prácticas orientadas para producir reformas educativas entre estudiantes negros, blancos e hispánicos y el lazo entre esas prácticas y los logros de los estudiantes. Este estudio identificó muchas semejanzas en la instrucción de los grupos de estudiantes, pero también algunas diferencias. Por ejemplo los estudiantes negros e hispánicos son evaluados con pruebas de opción-múltiple considerablemente más a menudo que los estudiantes blancos. Usando modelos lineares jerárquicos, este estudio identificó varias relaciones significativas positivas y relaciones no-negativas entre prácticas orientadas para producir reformas educativas en los resultados educativos de estudiantes de 4to. grado. Específicamente, el énfasis de los profesores en la enseñanza de aspectos no-numéricos en matemáticas, la cooperación en la resolución de problemas, y el nivel de conocimiento de los profesores de los estándares de NCTM fueron predictores positivos del logro educativo. Un análisis de los efectos de las interacciones indicó que los lazos entre las diferentes prácticas y los logro educativos fueron bastante similares para los estudiantes blancos, negros e hispánicos.

El segundo propósito de este artículo fue hacer comparaciones con otro estudio que utilizó los mismos datos de NAEP, pero obtuvo conclusiones muy diferentes acerca del potencial de las prácticas orientadas para producir reformas educativas para aliviar desigualdades. Wenglinsky (2004), en un estudio publicado en EPAA concluyó que el personal de las escuelas puede eliminar las diferencias educativas relacionadas con aspectos raciales cambiando sus prácticas educacionales. Semejanzas y diferencias entre estos dos estudios se discuten para iluminar cómo el marco referencial, los métodos, y las interpretaciones de un investigador influyen sustantivamente en las conclusiones de un estudio. En última instancia, este artículo discute que la conclusión primaria del estudio de Wenglinsky no esta plenamente justitificada.

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some rights reservedReaders are free to copy, display, and distribute this abstract and the associated article, as long as the work is attributed to the author(s) and Education Policy Analysis Archives, it is distributed for non-commercial purposes only, and no alteration or transformation is made in the work. All other uses must be approved by the author(s) or EPAA. EPAA is published jointly by the Mary Lou Fulton College of Education at Arizona State University and the College of Education at the University of South Florida. Articles are indexed by H.W. Wilson & Co. Please contribute commentary at http://epaa.info/wordpress/ and send errata notes to Sherman Dorn (epaa-editor@shermandorn.com).

 

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