ADMINISTRATOR INTERVIEW

Crestwood Country Day School,  Private School
June 10, 1992

 
 
Q.   My research is directed at a current debate in education.
     It has been claimed by various researchers that private
     school teachers have greater autonomy to innovate, to adapt
     curriculum and teaching to meet the needs of their students,
     and that in doing so they are primarily influenced by the
     students and the parents, not by school bureaucracy.
     Whereas, public school teachers are subjected to a variety
     of influences and pressures that restrict their autonomy in
     meeting students' needs; among these influences are state
     and federal regulations, teachers unions, court orders or
     the threat of litigation, and organizational rules called
     "bureaucracy."  What do you think about this controversy?
                  
A. I can only speak for the independent schools. Certainly when I interview teacher candidates, if they come from public schools, I stress that not only can they have the pleasure of a great deal of autonomy here, they have the responsibility of it. No one will hand them a course outline and some candidates that's very uncomfortable and they don't want to be in a place like this.
 They'll even
     say, "You mean no one will just tell me what book to use and
     what materials to use?"  So there is a great deal of
     difference in some people's minds about that.  We do spend a
     lot of time trying to meet individual student needs within
     our own standards  and expectations, those guidelines, this
     is a college preparatory school, so we have boundaries even
     though we have a range of students.  There are things we
     can't handle and know we aren't prepared to handle, but
     within our own philosophy and guidelines, we do try to
     adjust programs often so there is that autonomy.
 
Q.   Could you compare a school like Sunset High School, a
     public school with a similar student body, middle to high
     socioeconomic area, high-achieving students, many national
     merit students, could a school like Sunset ever be like
     Crestwood Country Day?
 
A.   I really don't know enough about the school, but certainly
     there are -- oh, yes, there are public schools all over the
     country that have the same goals and work hard to give
     attention to students.  My own children went to a public
     school in a small community that was very like our lower
     school.  But the numbers were such that classes could be
     fairly small, there was a great deal of independence there,
     so I think it can happen.  I think with the large public
     schools it's apt to happen to smaller areas, perhaps within
     the honors program or something like that where there are
     many similarities.  One of the problems that we don't have
     to face and constantly remind ourselves of is not being all
     things to all people.  That's a very different situation.
 
Q.   You talked about teachers having a great deal of autonomy
     but because you're a college prep, there are some guidelines
     and boundaries, what are those and what influences --
 
A.   Well, especially in the upper school, there are guidelines
     put out by college boards about curriculum and basic
     requirements  some of the top colleges have that we want to
     be sure our students meet.  We know that they are all going
     to take SATs and achievement tests and have the right to
     expect that we're doing the job preparing them as best we
     can for those.  AP courses are bound tightly by curricular
     requirements, that's a tough one.  So there are those
     things.  Within the rest of the school, it's pretty much
     preparing students for that, but also for the general
     educational goals we have, we set our own that way.  We're
     accountable and we use national tests to check ourselves and
     see where we are.  You can tell also by the feedback from
     students who leave of how they're doing, how by the number
     of students who win national awards or state awards, things
     like that, our little teams group, for instance, which is
     math and sciences, they're first in the state for two years
     now.  Those things give you a sense of your being on track.
 
Q.   Do you feel any influence from state or federal programs or
     regulations?
 
A.   Oh, yes, we have OSHA and ADA and the new AIDS regulations.
 
Q.   What's ADA?
 
A.   The American Disabilities Act which goes into effect in
     July.  That affects private and public.
 
Q.   Was that the one for -- ADD students?
 
A.   No, not disabilities -- it's a worker detention deficit, but
     this is handicapped.
 
Q.   Handicapped students or workers?
 
A.   Both.  That's a big issue right now.  Everybody --
 
Q.   What does that mean to you?
 
A.   Well, nobody knows quite yet, but it certainly means some
     things in physical plant, any new building you build has to
     be built with facility for handicapped.  We don't know as
     far as other areas of employment and how it's going to be.
     It's pretty general but it will be done case by case across
     the country and certainly the goal of it is to enable
     handicapped people to have the same opportunities.
 
Q.   And what does the AIDS program require?
 
A.   Well, more and more there are materials you have to have
     everywhere, the gloves, the masks, the mouth-to-
     resuscitation piece.  Someone facetiously said the other
     day, "We'll all be carrying our little fanny-pack kits."
 
Q.   Oh, that will be sad.
 
A.   So it creeps in, certainly.  We have some state regulations
     that we -- for some teachers to teach certain things in
     upper school they have to have certain hours of preparation
     and subject matter and all.
 
Q.   Is that a choice on your part or not a choice?
 
A.   If we want to be state accredited, we do it.
 
Q.   And that's what NCA is about?
 
A.   North Central -- we're not accredited by North Central, we
     don't need that.  The state has its own thing.  A member of
     the state evaluating team, or somebody anyway, sits on our
     regional evaluation committee and gives us approval.
 
Q.   Is your work life or how is your work life influenced by
     your board of trustees?
 
A.   The board of trustees in this school sets policy and is
     responsible for the financial well-being of the school.  I'm
     directed to carry out policy basically, so there's a lot of
     interaction; I am a trustee, that's not always true in this
     kind of school; I am a voting member of the board; I'm very
     involved in the fund raising which is part of the board
     responsibility; I report to them constantly so they can
     judge whether I am carrying out their policies.  So there's
     a lot of interaction.  We meet monthly and the committees
     meet more often than that.
 
Q.   Can you tell me about an incident in which your work life
     was influenced or shaped by parents?
 
A.   We have a very strong supportive parent association and I
     meet with the head of it, not regularly, but off and on.
     They raise money for us, they assist in admissions in the
     sense of working with new parents, they're probably our best
     PR force in our community, so I work with them a lot.  We
     had over 300 parent volunteers this year out of the family
     body of around 500 and that's incredible.  So they're very
     much a part of it.
 
Q.   Should I assume that there are positives and negatives to
     parent involvement?
 
A.   Yeah, there are, but I would say that this is a very
     positive group here.  It has given more to the school and we
     don't have any problems, it's just tremendous support here.
 
Q.   Can you tell me about an incident in which your work life
     was influenced or shaped by the students?
 
A.   There was a program here called "New Horizons" which was an
     experiential week in January, February, somewhere, and it
     had many problems with it.  Over a period of years, it kind
     of petered out and we were going to end it.  A group of
     students from the student government requested a meeting
     here, presented a proposal to revive it and redesign it, and
     it is now functioning very well.  They were really prime
     movers for that.
 
Q.   With all of the discussion about school choice, if a voucher
     system were in place, would this school want to participate
     in that?
 
A.   It would depend on the requirements.  I sat on the
     governor's task force so I was very involved in that, and
     this school, above all else, wants to keep its independence,
     so if it would have to suddenly meet all state requirements,
     probably not, one of the issues raised there was if a
     private school accepted any public money, if it followed a
     student here, we couldn't charge any higher tuition than
     anyone else -- than that money, so in that case, no, also.
     Interesting, there were about 25 at least parochial and
     other non-public schools for whom that amount of money was
     equal or more than their tuition, so they might -- but we
     couldn't be the same kind of school if we did that.  So it
     would depend entirely on the restrictions.  Otherwise, yes,
     where we have places, it seems to me absurd not to be able
     to take from them.  We have our own inner-city gifted
     student program going on right now and to be able to get
     some funds to help us with that would be wonderful.
 
Q.   What issues do you think I should be addressing in looking
     at differences in autonomy?  Especially from headmaster,
     principal or superintendent-type role?
 
A.   I think one of the biggest is the evaluation of faculty.
     This came out in a nationwide survey of Catholic schools, I
     think, where if they felt had an inadequate teacher, they
     could remove the teacher far more easily than the public
     school can.  That's almost a necessity to have a school like
     this stay alive is to have a good evaluation process, both
     for the improvement of everyone here, which is the goal of
     it, the goal is not to get people out, but it does enable
     you to design an enrichment program for faculty.  The same
     thing is true to have authority to remove kids who either
     abuse the rules and regulations that are here or disrupt
     classes so that others can't learn.  We can do that and that
     makes a big difference.  We have the autonomy to do that.
     And I think issues like that, or we have the autonomy to
     change a program entirely if we want to, we don't have to go
     through any process or committee.  That's not to imply that
     teachers don't process it but it's their decision. These
     divisions change things all the time.