Política universal de vouchers en Chile: Comprendiendo su impacto sobre la educación pública municipal chilena

Autores/as

  • Jaime Portales University of Texas at Austin
  • Julian Vasquez Heilig University of Texas at Austin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v22n72.2014

Palabras clave:

Vouchers, elección de escuela, Chile, educación en contexto urbano, privatización.

Resumen

El presente estudio muestra que las oportunidades de movilidad educativa y elección de escuela de familias y estudiantes que participan del sistema de vouchers chileno no están homogéneamente distribuidas. Algunas familias y estudiantes se benefician del sistema, mientras otros se ven segregados o marginalizados. Los resultados cuantitativos de este estudio muestran que los estudiantes de clase media que poseen una posición relativamente más aventajada, y que viven en áreas urbanas de nivel socioeconómico medio-alto o medio-bajo, son quienes más se benefician. Estos estudiantes pueden trasladarse de un establecimiento educacional público (municipal) a otro, de un establecimiento público a uno privado (subvencionado) en la misma comuna, de un municipio o distrito escolar a otro, o de un establecimiento público (municipal) de una comuna a uno privado (subvencionado) de otra. Como contrapartida, los estudiantes de menor nivel socioeconómico, y que viven en las zonas urbanas de mayor pobreza, son quienes más excluidos están del sistema y quienes tienen las menores posibilidades de moverse y elegir un establecimiento educacional, por lo que permanecen estudiando en la escuela pública (municipal) de su barrio, altamente segregados y marginados, y sin generar vínculos sociales con otros.

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Biografía del autor/a

Jaime Portales, University of Texas at Austin

Jaime Portales is a policy advisor and researcher working at the Ministry of Education of Chile. He has a Ph.D. on Education Policy and Planning from the University of Texas at Austin. His areas of research and expertise refer to education policy implementation analysis, the development of school improvement initiatives at the district and school levels, and school choice effects on educational systems.

Julian Vasquez Heilig, University of Texas at Austin

Julian Vasquez Heilig is an award-winning researcher and teacher. He is currently an Associate Professor of Educational Policy and Planning and African and African Diaspora Studies (by courtesy) at the University of Texas at Austin. He is also a Faculty Affiliate of the Center for Mexican American Studies and the Warfield Center for African and African American Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. Since 2007, he has served as an Associate Director for the University Council of Education Administration (UCEA).

In addition to educational accomplishments, Julian Vasquez Heilig has held a variety of research and practitioner positions in organizations from Boston to Beijing. These experiences have provided formative professional perspectives to bridge research, theory, and practice.

His current research includes quantitatively examining how high-stakes testing and accountability-based reforms and incentive systems impact urban minority students. Additionally, his qualitative work considers the mechanisms by which student achievement and progress occur in relation to specific NCLB-inspired accountability policies in districts and schools for students of different kinds. Julian's research interests also include issues of access, diversity and equity in higher education.

His work has been cited by the New York Times, Washington Post, Associated Press, Education Week, and other print and electronic media outlets. He has also appeared on local and national radio and TV including PBS, NBCLatino, NPR, and MSNBC.

He obtained his Ph.D. in Education Administration and Policy Analysis and a Masters in Sociology from Stanford University. He also holds a Masters of Higher Education and a Bachelor's of History and Psychology from the University of Michigan.

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Publicado

2014-07-21

Cómo citar

Portales, J., & Vasquez Heilig, J. (2014). Política universal de vouchers en Chile: Comprendiendo su impacto sobre la educación pública municipal chilena. Archivos Analíticos De Políticas Educativas, 22, 72. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v22n72.2014

Número

Vol. 22 (2014)

Sección

Articles